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Surgical Treatment of Osteochondritis Dissecans Lesions
Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) is a pathologic joint disorder that affects the subchondral bone and the overlying articular cartilage. The disease results in subchondral bone loss and destabilization of the overlying articular cartilage, leading to separation and increased susceptibility to stress and shear of the resultant fragment. The true etiology is unknown, but this condition may be related to repetitive microtrauma, a single acute traumatic incident, ischemia, or endocrine and genetic predisposition. Regardless of the etiology, the end result is fragmentation of both cartilage and bone that can progress to early degenerative changes and loss of function in the affected compartment. In its final stages, bipolar osteoarthritis can develop, leading to the need for arthroplasty in some instances.
