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Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients With Sickle Cell Hemoglobinopathy
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head is a common musculoskeletal manifestation of sickle cell hemoglobinopathy. Advanced osteonecrosis causes substantial pain, reduced activity levels, and limited functional capability, and patients with sickle cell disease are affected at an especially young age (average range, 20 to 29 years). Total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with sickle cell disease presents challenges different from those encountered in typical patients with osteoarthritis. These challenges historically have resulted in complications or suboptimal outcomes of THA in many patients with sickle cell disease. With advances in preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative management, THA has become increasingly effective in the management of femoral head osteonecrosis in patients with sickle cell disease.