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Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients With Neurologic Conditions
Neuromuscular disorders often result in degenerative disease of the hip. These conditions are either congenital or acquired and are classified according to their effect on muscle tone. Disorders characterized by increased muscle tone, muscle contractures, or movement abnormalities include cerebral palsy, Parkinson disease, and stroke. Disorders involving decreased muscle tone include polio, Down syndrome, myelomeningocele, and spinal cord injury. Neurologic disorders that do not alter muscle tone include dementia, confusion, and psychoses. Each disease process presents unique but often similar challenges during surgical hip reconstruction.