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Lateral Ankle Ligament Reconstruction Using Allograft
Lateral ankle ligament sprains are common and account for approximately 15% to 25% of all musculoskeletal injuries. The incidence is highest in the adolescent and young adult populations, with males and athletes most commonly affected. However, even after adequate nonsurgical management in the acute setting, some patients have chronic ankle pain, recurrent sprains, ongoing inability to walk on uneven ground, discomfort with start-stop maneuvers, and other findings consistent with chronic ankle instability. Among all patients who sustain an ankle sprain, 10% to 40% may develop chronic ankle instability. Nonsurgical management of chronic ankle instability restores mechanical stability and enhances proprioceptive input to the peroneal muscle-tendon complex in approximately 50% of patients. Surgical stabilization should be considered for the remaining patients who do not respond to this treatment. This chapter reviews the indications, contraindications, surgical steps, and challenges associated with lateral ligament reconstruction using allograft tissue.